For pain, Portuguese makes the body part the subject: doer is dói for one part and doem for two or more, with a pronoun (me, te, lhe) saying who hurts. For an illness you're carrying, use estar com or ter plus the noun.
Examples
- Dói-me a cabeça.
- My head hurts.
- Doem-me os pés.
- My feet hurt.
- Estou com febre e tenho tosse.
- I have a fever and a cough.
The mistake to avoid
Saying "Eu dói a cabeça" - the person is never the subject of doer; the body part is.
Where this fits in
Body, health & feelings, Portuguese A2: Talk about your body, common illnesses, and how you feel. Visit a doctor or pharmacy and describe symptoms.