Irish Gaelic B2
CEFR B2 · Upper intermediate
B2 is where Irish becomes readable in print. The autonomous form reports an action with nobody named as the doer (deirtear, ceaptar, foilsíodh, rugadh), tar éis + verbal noun gives you the perfect (tá sé tar éis imeacht), and the genitive case finally has to be got right, especially after a verbal noun - ag cosaint na timpeallachta, ag léamh an nuachtáin. You handle the indirect relative (an fear a bhfuil a mhac ag obair anseo), the verbal adjective (déanta, scríofa, curtha), and the register of debate and journalism: ar an gcéad dul síos, dá bharr sin, cé go, in ainneoin. That is enough to follow Nuacht TG4, argue a case for and against, and discuss climate, media and social issues.
60 words · 3 units · 3 grammar points
What you learn at Irish Gaelic B2
Machnamh ar an saol
Reflect on life, values, personal growth, and relationships.
- Talk about your core values and what makes you happy
- Express regret about past choices
- Describe personal change and growth over time
- Talk about overcoming difficulties
- Discuss trust and understanding in relationships
- Talk through conflict and disagreement
- Recall vocabulary from earlier lessons without being shown it first
- Prove the unit stuck before moving on
An tsochaí agus tuairimí
Discuss social issues, debate for and against, and talk about media.
- Describe serious social issues in your society
- Explain the causes and effects of a problem
- Argue for and against a proposition
- Express support and objection in a debate
- Discuss the role of media and information in society
- Distinguish fact from opinion
- Recall vocabulary from earlier lessons without being shown it first
- Prove the unit stuck before moving on
An Timpeallacht agus an Aeráid
Discuss climate change, energy and waste, and argue about who is responsible for doing something about it.
- Describe what is happening to the climate and why
- Put the object of a verbal noun into the genitive
- Talk about clean energy and where it comes from
- Describe what a household or a town does with its waste
- Argue about who should act on the climate and why
- Discuss policy, targets and campaigns
- Recall vocabulary from earlier lessons without being shown it first
- Prove the unit stuck before moving on
B2 grammar points
Irish Gaelic B2 vocabulary
The first 40 of 60, in frequency order.
| Irish Gaelic | English | Example |
|---|---|---|
| an comhthéacs | the context; the broader setting or circumstances | Ní féidir an cinneadh seo a thuiscint gan an comhthéacs polaitiúil a chur san áireamh. |
| an impleacht | the implication; the consequence | Tá an impleacht dhlíthiúil den bheart seo fós á plé ag saineolaithe. |
| an tionchar | the influence; the impact | Bhí an tionchar ag an ngeilleagar domhanda ar chinntí na rialtas áitiúil. |
| an chontrárthacht | the contradiction; the paradox | Léiríonn an chontrárthacht seo easpa comhleanúnachais i gclár an pháirtí. |
| an bunphrionsabal | the fundamental principle; the core tenet | Is é an bunphrionsabal atá taobh thiar de chóras an dlí ná cothrom na féinne. |
| an díospóireacht | the debate; the discussion (formal) | Spreag an díospóireacht parlaiminteach conspóid náisiúnta faoin gceist. |
| an léargas | the insight; the perspective; the illumination | Thug an tuarascáil an léargas is doimhne go fóill ar staid na tithíochta. |
| an cúlra | the background; the backdrop (social, historical) | Ní mór an cúlra stairiúil a thuiscint sula ndéantar meastóireacht ar an gcinneadh. |
| an coincheap | the concept; the abstract idea | Is deacair an coincheap sin a mhíniú gan samplaí praiticiúla. |
| an critéar | the criterion; the standard of judgement | Is é an critéar is tábhachtaí ná rath fadtéarmach na scéime. |
| an mheastóireacht | the evaluation; the assessment | Déanfar an mheastóireacht deiridh ar an gclár i mí na Nollag. |
| an trédhearcacht | the transparency; openness in governance or discourse | Éilíonn an pobal an trédhearcacht iomlán ón rialtas maidir leis na caiteachais. |
| an inbhuanaitheacht | the sustainability; long-term viability | Tá an inbhuanaitheacht comhshaoil ag croílár pholasaí nua an Aontais Eorpaigh. |
| an éagothromaíocht | the inequality; the disparity | Léiríonn na staitisticí an éagothromaíocht gheilleagrach atá ag méadú i measc an phobail. |
| an fhianaise | the evidence; the testimony | Níl an fhianaise leordhóthanach chun an cás a chruthú os comhair na cúirte. |
| an argóint | the argument; the line of reasoning | Is láidir an argóint atá déanta acu ach tá lochtanna suntasacha inti fós. |
| an conspóid | the controversy; the dispute | D'ardaigh an conspóid faoin gcinneadh ceisteanna tromchúiseacha maidir le cuntasacht. |
| an cuntasacht | the accountability; answerability | Ní mór an cuntasacht pholaitiúil a neartú má táthar le muinín an phobail a athbhunú. |
| an coimhlint | the conflict; the tension (between ideas, groups) | Is iomaí an coimhlint leasanna atá le feiceáil i bpróiseas déanta an bheartais seo. |
| an forbairt | the development; the progress (structured, planned) | Ní mór an forbairt gheilleagrach a chothromú le cosaint an chomhshaoil. |
| an tosaíocht | the priority (f.) | Is í an tosaíocht is mó atá ag an rialtas ná an ghéarchéim tithíochta a réiteach. |
| an réiteach | the solution; the settlement (m.) | Níl an réiteach simplí, ach tá sé indéanta. |
| an tuairisc | the report; the account (f.) | Foilsíodh an tuairisc inné agus tá conspóid ann cheana féin. |
| an beartas | the policy (m.) | Cáineadh an beartas nua go géar sna meáin. |
| an t-athrú | the change (m.) | Is é an t-athrú aeráide an dúshlán is mó dár linn. |
| an fhreagracht | the responsibility (f.) | Is ar an rialtas atá an fhreagracht as an gcinneadh. |
| an daonlathas | the democracy (m.) | Braitheann an daonlathas ar shaoránaigh eolacha. |
| dearbhaigh | to assert; to affirm; to declare formally | Dearbhaigh an tAire go mbeadh athruithe suntasacha sa chóras cánach an bhliain seo chugainn. |
| lochtaigh | to criticise; to find fault with | Lochtaigh an freasúra an beartas nua go gear le linn na díospóireachta. |
| áitigh | to argue; to persuade; to contend (in debate) | Áitigh sí go raibh an cinneadh mí-dhlíthiúil agus gur cheart é a chúlghairm. |
| ceistigh | to question; to challenge; to call into doubt | Ceistigh roinnt eolaithe sonraí bunúsacha na staidéar úd. |
| breathnaigh ar | to examine; to scrutinise; to consider carefully | Is gá breathnaigh ar na himpleachtaí fadtéarmacha sula nglactar cinneadh. |
| meas | to consider; to deem; to estimate (formal register) | Meas an binse go raibh an dlí sáraithe sa chás áirithe seo. |
| cuir i gcás | to suppose; to consider (hypothetically); for instance | Cuir i gcás go n-ardófaí cánacha arís — cad é an tionchar a bheadh ann? |
| cinntigh | to ensure; to make certain | Cinntigh go bhfuil na fíricí ceart sula bhfoilsíonn tú an t-alt. |
| fiosraigh | to investigate; to inquire into | Fiosraigh an scéal go cúramach sula ndéanann tú cinneadh. |
| tacaigh le | to support; to back (a person, a proposal) | Tacaigh le do chomhghleacaithe nuair a bhíonn brú orthu. |
| ina theannta sin | in addition to that; furthermore; moreover | Tá an geilleagar ag teacht chuige féin; ina theannta sin, tá rátaí fostaíochta ag ardú. |
| dá ainneoin sin | despite that; nevertheless; notwithstanding | Bhí na costais arda; dá ainneoin sin, lean an rialtas ar aghaidh leis an tionscadal. |
| de bharr | as a result of; due to; on account of | De bharr na n-athruithe aeráide, tá méadú mór ar líon na n-áiteanna faoi riosca tuilte. |